EPA enforcement actions against wastewater plants in Alabama
48 formal actions at 27 of 253 plants · $4.9M in penalties · 67 EPA inspections
EPA's enforcement records list 48 formal civil enforcement cases naming publicly owned wastewater treatment plants in Alabama, 0 of them since fiscal year 2020. The cases involve 27 of the state's 253 plants, with $4.9 million in penalties assessed. The most common ground is prevention of accidental release/risk management plans (rmps) (14 cases). EPA has inspected 27 plants in the state, 67 inspections in total. Every plant links to its profile, and every case to its report on EPA's ECHO site.
Recent enforcement actions in Alabama
| Plant | Date | Type | Law section | Outcome | Penalty | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cahaba River Wastewater Treatment Plant Hoover | Sep 2024 · FY1995 | Judicial case | NPDES Permit Violations | Final Order With Penalty | $750,000 | ECHO 04-1995-0112 |
| Five Mile Creek Wastewater Treatment Plant Fultondale | Sep 2024 · FY1995 | Judicial case | NPDES Permit Violations | Final Order With Penalty | $750,000 | ECHO 04-1995-0112 |
| Turkey Creek WWTP Pinson | Sep 2024 · FY1995 | Judicial case | NPDES Permit Violations | Final Order With Penalty | $750,000 | ECHO 04-1995-0112 |
| Trussvillle WWTP Trussville | Sep 2024 · FY1995 | Judicial case | NPDES Permit Violations | Final Order With Penalty | $750,000 | ECHO 04-1995-0112 |
| Valley Creek Wastewater Treatment Plant Bessemer | Sep 2024 · FY1995 | Judicial case | NPDES Permit Violations | Final Order With Penalty | $750,000 | ECHO 04-1995-0112 |
| Village Creek WWTP Birmingham | Sep 2024 · FY1995 | Judicial case | NPDES Permit Violations | Final Order With Penalty | $750,000 | ECHO 04-1995-0112 |
| Dothan Cypress Creek WWTP Dothan | Oct 2020 · FY2012 | Administrative order | NPDES Permit Violations | Unilateral Administrative Order Without Adjudication | — | ECHO 04-2012-4780 |
| Walnut Creek WWTP Troy | Oct 2019 · FY2019 | Administrative order | NPDES Permit Violations | Final Order With Penalty | $50,000 | ECHO 07-2019-0233 |
| Alexander City Coley Creek WWTP Alexander City | Jan 2015 · FY2014 | Administrative order | NPDES Discharge without a Permit | Final Order No Penalty | — | ECHO 04-2014-4762 |
| Alexander City Sugar Creek WWTP Alexander City | Jan 2015 · FY2014 | Administrative order | NPDES Discharge without a Permit | Final Order No Penalty | — | ECHO 04-2014-4762 |
Full case histories, milestones, violation types and EPA's complete case summaries for every plant are shown with a free Klarifi account. Create one →
Largest penalties in Alabama
| # | Plant | Date | Type | Outcome | Penalty | Compliance actions | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cahaba River Wastewater Treatment Plant Hoover | Sep 2024 · FY1995 | Judicial case | Final Order With Penalty | $750,000 | $588M | ECHO 04-1995-0112 |
| 2 | Five Mile Creek Wastewater Treatment Plant Fultondale | Sep 2024 · FY1995 | Judicial case | Final Order With Penalty | $750,000 | $588M | ECHO 04-1995-0112 |
| 3 | Turkey Creek WWTP Pinson | Sep 2024 · FY1995 | Judicial case | Final Order With Penalty | $750,000 | $588M | ECHO 04-1995-0112 |
| 4 | Trussvillle WWTP Trussville | Sep 2024 · FY1995 | Judicial case | Final Order With Penalty | $750,000 | $588M | ECHO 04-1995-0112 |
| 5 | Valley Creek Wastewater Treatment Plant Bessemer | Sep 2024 · FY1995 | Judicial case | Final Order With Penalty | $750,000 | $588M | ECHO 04-1995-0112 |
| 6 | Village Creek WWTP Birmingham | Sep 2024 · FY1995 | Judicial case | Final Order With Penalty | $750,000 | $588M | ECHO 04-1995-0112 |
| 7 | Dothan Cypress Creek WWTP Dothan | Oct 2014 · FY2009 | Judicial case | Final Order With Penalty | $132,000 | — | ECHO 04-2009-9029 |
| 8 | Clifton C. Williams Wastewater Treatment Facility Mobile | Oct 2011 · FY2000 | Judicial case | Final Order With Penalty | $114,000 | $60M | ECHO 04-2000-0932 |
| 9 | Walnut Creek WWTP Troy | Oct 2019 · FY2019 | Administrative order | Final Order With Penalty | $50,000 | — | ECHO 07-2019-0233 |
| 10 | Alexander City Sugar Creek WWTP Alexander City | Nov 2014 · FY2014 | Administrative order | Final Order With Penalty | $23,200 | — | ECHO 04-2014-4510 |
Actions by fiscal year
| Fiscal year | Formal actions | Penalties |
|---|---|---|
| FY2017 | 0 | — |
| FY2018 | 0 | — |
| FY2019 | 1 | $50,000 |
| FY2020 | 0 | — |
| FY2021 | 0 | — |
| FY2022 | 0 | — |
| FY2023 | 0 | — |
| FY2024 | 0 | — |
| FY2025 | 0 | — |
| FY2026 | 0 | — |
EPA fiscal years run from 1 October to 30 September. The current year is partial.
EPA enforcement in Alabama: questions
Sources and methodology
Flow, permit and violation figures come from the EPA's ICIS-NPDES discharge monitoring records. Population served comes from the Clean Watersheds Needs Survey 2022. Treatment structures are identified by Klarifi's review of aerial imagery, and capital improvement projects are extracted from published municipal budget documents. Violations are counted over the last three years of monitoring reports.
Data refreshed September 17, 2026.
Enforcement data: EPA ICIS-FE&C civil enforcement cases and ICIS compliance inspections, via ECHO. Penalties are the amounts assessed or agreed in each case as EPA records them. Latest case status in this data: Sep 2024.