Nutrient removal: wastewater treatment plants in Vermont
14 plants · 18% of the state · 8 MGD combined
Klarifi identifies 14 publicly owned wastewater treatment plants with nutrient removal in Vermont, 18% of the 76 plants in the state (8 MGD combined). The largest is St Albans City in St Albans at 3.2 MGD.
Nutrient removal takes nitrogen and phosphorus out of the effluent, biologically in anoxic and anaerobic zones or chemically with metal salts. It is driven by permit limits and TMDLs on the receiving water and is the largest upgrade a plant can face, which makes these plants the best-documented market for process equipment and chemicals.
The largest plants with nutrient removal in Vermont
| # | Facility | City | Avg flow (MGD) | NPDES permit | Expires | Violations (3y) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | St Albans City | St Albans | 3.2 | VT0100323 | Sep 2022 | 18 |
| 2 | Essex Junction Wastewater Treatment Facility | Essex Junction | 2.07 | VT0100111 | Jun 2026 | 2 |
| 3 | Burlington Riverside Wastewater Treatment Plant | Burlington | 0.55 | VT0100307 | Sep 2009 | 86 |
| 4 | Northfield Wastewater Treatment Facility | Northfield | 0.48 | VT0100242 | Sep 2025 | 18 |
| 5 | Milton W P C | Milton | 0.36 | VT0100684 | Jun 2023 | 0 |
| 6 | Stowe WPCF | Stowe | 0.36 | VT0100455 | Sep 2025 | 107 |
| 7 | Waterbury WWTP | Waterbury | 0.35 | VT0100463 | Dec 2025 | 1 |
| 8 | Wastewater Treatment Facility #2 | Shelburne | 0.33 | VT0100820 | Dec 2022 | 63 |
| 9 | Morrisville WPCF | Morrisville | 0.31 | VT0100480 | Jun 2023 | 0 |
| 10 | Troy/jay WWTF | Jay | 0.12 | VT0101168 | Jun 2023 | 8 |
Plants planning nutrient removal upgrades
These plants report nutrient removal as a planned process in the EPA Clean Watersheds Needs Survey: the earliest public signal of a project.
| Facility | City | Avg flow (MGD) | NPDES permit | Expires |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Swanton Village Wastewater Treatment Facility | Swanton | 0.5 | VT0100501 | Jun 2023 |
| Hinesburg Wastewater Treatment Facility | Hinesburg | 0.16 | VT0101028 | Sep 2028 |
Contacts and project signals for every plant on this list
Klarifi adds verified decision-maker contacts, permit limits, discharge monitoring data and the capital projects planned in each city, filterable by technology, size and compliance record.
Other technologies in Vermont
Nutrient removal in other states
Nutrient removal in Vermont: questions
Sources and methodology
Flow, permit and violation figures come from the EPA's ICIS-NPDES discharge monitoring records. Population served comes from the Clean Watersheds Needs Survey 2022. Treatment structures are identified by Klarifi's review of aerial imagery, and capital improvement projects are extracted from published municipal budget documents. Violations are counted over the last three years of monitoring reports.
Data refreshed October 26, 2026.
Wastewater terms: Biological nutrient removal · Tertiary treatment · Activated sludge · Biosolids · Filter press · all terms